مطالعه تجربه زیسته مادری در زنان تحت درمان اعتیاد به مواد مخدر

دوره 11، شماره 3
تابستان 1404
صفحه 1-18

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روان‏شناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، دهکده المپیک، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، دهکده المپیک، تهران، ایران

چکیده
اعتیاد زنان همچنان به‌عنوان یک موضوع تابو در جامعه مطرح است، حتی با وجود پیشرفت مطالعات و افزایش آگاهی. این تابو بودن و انکار آن مانع از افزایش آمار مبتلایان به‌ویژه در میان زنان نشده است. کمبود توجه جامعه به این پدیده، ضرورت بررسی و پرداختن به موضوع اعتیاد زنان را برجسته‌تر می‌کند. زنان، علاوه بر نقش مهم خود در جامعه، با مادر شدن می‌توانند سعادت یا شقاوت نسل بعدی را رقم بزنند. بنابراین، شناخت دنیای پیچیده و تاریک زنان مبتلا به اعتیاد می‌تواند به تأمین نیازهای آن‌ها برای بازگشت به زندگی عادی و همچنین بهبود اقدامات پیشگیرانه کمک کند. هدف این پژوهش مطالعه تجربه زیسته مادری در زنان تحت درمان اعتیاد به مواد مخدر است. این پژوهش به روش کیفی و رویکرد پدیدارشناسی انجام شد. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند انجام شد و شامل 20 مادر از میان زنان تحت بازپروری یا با سابقه بازپروری در مرکز «خانه پروین» واقع در منطقه 15 تهران بود. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته پیرامون تجربه مادری و اعتیاد جمع‌آوری شد و با روش کلایزی تحلیل گردید. از تحلیل داده‌ها، سه مضمون اصلی «مادر»، «پذیرش عنوان بلاعزل» و «فقدان» و 19 مضمون فرعی مرتبط استخراج شد. نتایج این پژوهش ضعف ذاتی انسان و تمایل او به واکنش‌گری را برجسته کرد. این مفهوم در تمامی مضامین اصلی و فرعی مشاهده شد. در نظر گرفتن این واقعیت به‌عنوان یک باور زیربنایی و نگرش غالب نسبت به مواد مخدر و اعتیاد، می‌تواند موجب تحول در سازوکارهای مبارزه با مواد مخدر شود. مهم‌ترین این اقدامات شامل تأسیس مراکز گذری، ایجاد تیم‌های سیار در سطح شهر، راه‌اندازی کمپ‌های اختیاری و جرم‌زدایی از اعتیاد به مواد مخدر است. همه این اقدامات در چارچوب رویکرد کاهش آسیب قابل اجرا هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

A Study of the Lived Experience of Motherhood in Women Undergoing Treatment for Drug Addiction

نویسندگان English

Parivash Gorji 1
Mahdi Khanjani 2
1 Master's Degree in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Olympic Village, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Olympic Village, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Women's addiction remains a taboo topic in society, despite advances in research and growing awareness. This taboo and denial do not prevent the rising prevalence of addiction, particularly among women. The lack of societal attention to this issue highlights the need for a deeper investigation into women’s addiction. In addition to their significant role in society, women, through motherhood, have the power to shape the well-being or adversity of future generations. Therefore, understanding the complex and often hidden world of women struggling with addiction can help address their needs for reintegration into normal life and enhance preventive measures. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of motherhood in women undergoing treatment for drug addiction. This qualitative study utilized a phenomenological approach. The sample consisted of 20 mothers selected through purposeful sampling from women undergoing rehabilitation or with a history of rehabilitation at the "Parvin House" center in District 15 of Tehran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews focused on the experiences of motherhood and addiction and were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. The data analysis revealed three main themes: "Mother," "Acceptance of the Inalienable Title," and "Loss," along with 19 related sub-themes. The findings of this study highlight the inherent vulnerability of humans and their tendency to be reactive. This concept was evident in all the main and sub-themes identified. Recognizing this as a fundamental belief and the prevailing attitude toward drug addiction could lead to significant changes in the strategies for combating drug addiction. The key actions include the establishment of transient centers, the creation of mobile teams throughout the city, the establishment of voluntary rehabilitation camps, and the decriminalization of drug addiction. All these actions can be effectively implemented within the framework of harm reduction.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Lived Experience of Motherhood
  • Women Undergoing Addiction Treatment
  • Drug Addiction in Women
  • Meaning of Motherhood
  • Maternal Identity
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