Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Rushdieh Institute of Higher Education

2 Department of Psychology, University College of Nabi Akram,Tabriz, Iran.

3 Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Iran

10.22055/jacp.2023.44675.1311

Abstract

Stress is a major factor that influences the performance of judo players. To control stress, coaches and psychologists use psychological interventions. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of mental imagery and actual techniques (Osotogari, Ogoshi, and Tai Otoshi) on the perceived stress of female judokas. The research is a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study is female judokas in Tabriz who were participating in judo in the years 2022-2023. A total of 45 judo players from the Ganjovian Club were selected using the available sampling method and randomly divided into three groups. The members of both experimental groups received their intervention in eight half-hour sessions, while the control group did not receive any training. The results of the research indicate that there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental groups. This means that both interventions are effective in reducing the perceived stress of female judo players, but the effect of neither intervention method is greater than the other. Based on the study's results, it seems that mental imagery and the actual implementation of these techniques are effective in reducing the perceived stress of judo players.

Highlights

اشمیت، ریچارد ای. (1394). یادگیری حرکتی و اجرا- از اصول تا تمرین. ترجمه: مهدی نمازی‌زاده و سید محمد کاظم واعظ موسوی. تهران: انتشارات سمت.

الهیاری، حسین؛ موسوی، سیدحسین؛ رستمخانی، حسین. (1390). اثر یک دوره تمرین ورزشی بر میزان استرس مردان دانشجو. پژوهش‌های کاربردی در علوم رفتاری. 3(9): 43-54.

بهروزی، ناصر؛ شهنی ییلاق، منیجه؛ پور سیدی، سید مهدی (1391). رابطه کمالگرایی، استرس ادراک‌شده و حمایت اجتماعی با فرسودگی تحصیلی. مجله راهبرد و فرهنگ.20: 102-83.

تاکاهاشی، ماسائو. (1387). روش استادی جودو تاریخچه- فلسفه- تکنیک- تاکتیک- آموزش. ترجمه: سیدوهاب میرصالحی. تهران: انتشارات بامداد کتاب.

خنجری، یاسر؛ عرب عامری، الهه؛ گروئی، راضیه؛ متشرعی، ابراهیم؛ حمایت‌طلب، رسول. (1392). تأثیر یک دوره برنامه تمرین مهارت‌های روان‌شناسان بر مهارت‌های ذهنی منتخب و عملکرد تکواندوکاران نوجوان زن تیم ملی ایران. نشریه پژوهش در مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی. 3(5):25-34.

لاولی، دیوید؛ کریمر، جان؛ پی.موران، آیدان؛ ویلیامز، مارک. (1390). روان‌شناسی ورزش. ترجمه: رسول حمایت طلب ف حسین اکبری یزدی، اعظم رجب‌زاده ، مسعود جعفری. ناشر: انتشارات حتمی.

واعظ موسوی، سید محمدکاظم؛ مسیبی، فتح‌االله. (1388). روانشناسی ورزشی. انتشارات سمت تهران. 185-164.

وکیل‌آباد، محمد بهزاد ؛ فلاحی خشک‌ناب، مسعود. (1391). تأثیر آموزش ذهن با تصویرسازی بر افسردگی سالمندان. مجله تحقیقات پرستاری ایران. 7(27):7-10.

هادی، عبدالله. (1381). مقایسه مهارت‌های روانی بازیکنان نخبه رشته‌های منتخب ورزشی شرکت‌کننده در مسابقات ورزشی دانش‌آموزان پسر دوره متوسط سراسر کشور. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

 

Anshel, M. H; Williams, L.R.T; Williams, S.M. (2000). “Coping style following acute stress in competitive sport”. The Journal of Social Psychology. 140, 751-773.

Bali, A. (2015). Psychological Factors Affecting Sports Performance. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports, and Health: 1(6): 92-95.

 Battino, R. (2007). Guided imagery: Psychotherapy and healing through the mind-body connection. Crown House. Publishing.

Belem I et al  (2017). What coping strategies are used for athletes of MMA more resilient to stress? J. Phys. Educ. v. 28: 1-11.

Besharat, M. A.  (2007). Study of psychometrics characteristics, styles for coping with sports stress.

Brockman, RN; Calvert, FL. (2017). Imagery rescripting for PTSD and personality disorders: Theory and application. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. 47(1):23-30.

Dall, H.M; Goldfarb, A. H. (2009). cortisol peroxidation and scavenger enzymes during exercise: adaptative response to training. Journal of psychological training, v. 64: 1333-1336.

Demoor, MH; Beem, A; Stubbe, JH; Boomsma ,DI ;De Geus, EJ (2006). Regular exercise, anxiety, depression and personality: a population-based study. Prev Med. 42(4):273-9.

Dibbets, P; Arntz, A. (2016).  Imagery rescripting: Is incorporation of the most aversive scenes necessary? Memory. Hove, England. 24(5):683-95.

Eraslan, M; Karafil, A. Y; Atay, E. (2017). Evaluation Of Strategies For Managing Stress Among Muay Thai Sportsmen Participating İn İntervarsity Sports Competitions. Journal of Human Sciences. 14(3): 2915-2924.

Farzaneh Hesari, A; Mirzaei, B; Mahdavi Ortakand, S;  Rabienejad, A; Nikolaïdis, P.T. (2014). Relationship between aerobic and anaerobic power, and Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) in elite Iranian male judokas. Apunts Med Esport. 49(181): 25-29.

Filaire, E ; Sagnol, M;  Ferrand, C;  Maso, F ; Lac, G (2001). Psychophysiological stress in judo athletes during competitions . J Sports Med Phys Fit. 41: 263 – 268.

Georgiades, A; Sherwood ,A; Gullette ,EC ; Babyak, MA; Hinderliter, A; Waugh, R; et al. (2000) . Effects of exercise and weight loss on mental stress-induced cardiovascular responses in individuals with high blood pressure. Hypertension  Aug. 36(2):171-6.

Gorji, MH; Davanloo, AA; Heidarigorji, AM (2014). The efficacy of relaxation training on stress, anxiety, and pain perception in hemodialysis patients. Indian Journal of Nephrology. 24(6):356-61.

Göksel, A. G; Caz, Ç; Yazıcı, Ö. F; İkizler, H. C. (2017). Comparison of Attitudes of Students from Different Departments towards Sport: The Model of Marmara University. 8(2): 123-134.

Hall, E; Hall, C; Stradling, P; Young, D. (2006). Guided imagery: Creative interventions incounselling &psychotherapy. Sage.

Hamer, M; Taylor, A ; Steopto, A. Feb (2006).The effect of acute aerobic exercise on stress related blood pressure responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychol. 71(2):183-90.

Haruna, M; Matsuzaki, M; Ota, E; Shiraishi, M; Hanada, N; Mori, R. (2019). Guided imagery for treating hypertension in pregnancy. Pubmed. 4(4): CD011337.

Humphrey, J. H; Yow, D. A; Bowden, W. W. (2000). Stress in college athletics: Causes, consequences, coping. The Haworth Half-Court Press. New York.

Hernández, R;  Olmedilla AOrtega, E. (2008).Ansiedad y autoconfi anza de jóvenes judokas en situaciones competitivas de alta presión . Análise Psicológica .26 : 689 – 696.

Keskin, Ö. (2018). Effect of Sports Satisfaction on Aggression and Stress in Judokas and Swimmers. Journal of Education and Training StudiesVol. 6(6): 31-40.

Kimball, A; Freysinger, V. J. (2003). Leisure, stress, and coping: The sport participation of collegiate student-athletes. Leisure Sciences. 25: 115-141.

Kohn, P. M; Lafreniere, K; Gurevich, M. (2006). The inventory of college student’s recent life experiences: A decontaminated hassles scale for a special population. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 13: 619-630.

Laskowski R (2007).Training loads and physical capacity in female practicing judo. Gdansk:  Awfis. 5(6).

Lotze, M; Scheler, G; Tan, H. R; Braun, C; Birbaumer, N (2003). The musician's brain: Functional imaging of amateurs and professionals during performance and imagery. Neuroimage: (20): 1817-29.

Martin, G.L; vause, T; Schwartzman, L. (2005). experimental studies of psychological interventions with athletes in competitions why few? Behavior Modification. 29-616-641.

Martin, K.A; Morits, S.E; Hall, C.R. (1999). Imagery use in sport: a literature review and applied model. The sport Psychologist. 13: 245-268.

Martin, K.A; Lichtenberger, C.M. (2002). Fitness enhancement and body image change. In T.F. Cash; T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body images:A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York: Guilford Press. 47: 414-421.

McEwen, B. S; Lasley, E. N. (2002). The end of stress as we know it. Washington, D.C: Joseph Henry Press.

Miarka, B; Panissa, V.L.G ; Julio , U.F; Del Vecchio, F.B; Calmet, M; Franchini, E. (2012). A comparison of time-motion performance between age groups in judo match­es. J. Sports. Sci:30: 899-905.

Morgan, T.K. (2006). A season – Long mental skills staining program collegiate Volleyball players. A dissertation for the Doctor of philosophy degree. The University of Tennessee.

Nabil Yahiya, H (2010). Impact of Hatha Yoga exercises on some of the physiological, psychological variables and the level of performances in judo. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences. 5: 2355–2358.

Nguyen, J; Brymer ,E  (2018). Nature-based guided imagery as an intervention for state anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology :1858.

Raoul R.D; Oudejans, J.R. (Rob) Pijpers (2010). Training with mild anxiety may prevent choking under higher levels of anxiety. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 11:44-50.

Reilly ,T; Gilbourne, D (2003). Science and football: a review of applied research in the    football codes. J Sports Sci:21(9):693-705.

Ritvanen, T; Louhevaara ,V; Helin, P; Halonen ,T; Hanninen, O. (2007). Effect of aerobic fitness on the physiological stress responses at work. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 20(1):1-8.

Rogaleva, L; Malkin, V; Khon, N; Sekrecova, Z; Kim, A. (2019). Coping strategies and mental reliability as psychological determinants of success in sport. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Pedagogy, Communication and Sociology. Atlantis Press. May. v. 315: 371-374.

Rogerson, LJ; Hrycaiko, DW. (2002). Enhancing competitive performance of ice hockey  goaltenders using centering and self-talk. J Appl Sport Psychol. 14: 14-26.

Rogowska A, Kuśnierz C (2012).  Coping of Judo Competitors in the Context of Gender, Age, Years of Practice and Skill Level. J Appl Sport Psychol:24(4):445–64.

Salmon, P. (2001). Effects of physical exercise on anexity, depression and sensitivity to stress: a unifying theory. Clin Psychol Rev. 21(1):33-61.

Smucker, M; Dancu, C; Foa, E; Niederee, J. (1995).  Imagery Rescripting: A New Treatment for Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse Suffering From Posttraumatic Stress. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy. 9:3-17.

Stopa, L. (Ed.) (2009). Imagery and the threatened self: Perspectives on mental imagery and the self in cognitive therapy. Routledge.

Taeabe, N; Madsen, K; Djurhuus, M. S. (2006). Cortisol in plasma blood lipid peroxidation after short-term maximal exercise in trained and untrained humans. American Journal of Physiology, v. 272: R1258-R1263.

Vealey, R. S; Greenleaf, C.A. (2006). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in sport. Juornal of Applied Sport Psychology. 4(2): 306-348.

Vealey, R. S; Greenleaf, C.A. (2001). "Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in sport". In J.M.Williams (Ed), Applied Sport Psychology: Personal growth to peak performance. Mountatin View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company.

Vernon D. J. (2005). Can Neurofeedback Training Enhance Performance? An Evaluation of Evidence with Implications for Future Research. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Journal, Vol . 30 (4): 347-364.

Yaclin, I; Ramazanoglu,F. (2020). The effect of imagery use on the self-confidence: Turkish professional football players. Revista de Psicologia del Deporte. 29(2): 57-64.

Keywords

Main Subjects

اشمیت، ریچارد ای. (1394). یادگیری حرکتی و اجرا- از اصول تا تمرین. ترجمه: مهدی نمازی‌زاده و سید محمد کاظم واعظ موسوی. تهران: انتشارات سمت.
الهیاری، حسین؛ موسوی، سیدحسین؛ رستمخانی، حسین. (1390). اثر یک دوره تمرین ورزشی بر میزان استرس مردان دانشجو. پژوهش‌های کاربردی در علوم رفتاری. 3(9): 43-54.
بهروزی، ناصر؛ شهنی ییلاق، منیجه؛ پور سیدی، سید مهدی (1391). رابطه کمالگرایی، استرس ادراک‌شده و حمایت اجتماعی با فرسودگی تحصیلی. مجله راهبرد و فرهنگ.20: 102-83.
تاکاهاشی، ماسائو. (1387). روش استادی جودو تاریخچه- فلسفه- تکنیک- تاکتیک- آموزش. ترجمه: سیدوهاب میرصالحی. تهران: انتشارات بامداد کتاب.
خنجری، یاسر؛ عرب عامری، الهه؛ گروئی، راضیه؛ متشرعی، ابراهیم؛ حمایت‌طلب، رسول. (1392). تأثیر یک دوره برنامه تمرین مهارت‌های روان‌شناسان بر مهارت‌های ذهنی منتخب و عملکرد تکواندوکاران نوجوان زن تیم ملی ایران. نشریه پژوهش در مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی. 3(5):25-34.
لاولی، دیوید؛ کریمر، جان؛ پی.موران، آیدان؛ ویلیامز، مارک. (1390). روان‌شناسی ورزش. ترجمه: رسول حمایت طلب ف حسین اکبری یزدی، اعظم رجب‌زاده ، مسعود جعفری. ناشر: انتشارات حتمی.
واعظ موسوی، سید محمدکاظم؛ مسیبی، فتح‌االله. (1388). روانشناسی ورزشی. انتشارات سمت تهران. 185-164.
وکیل‌آباد، محمد بهزاد ؛ فلاحی خشک‌ناب، مسعود. (1391). تأثیر آموزش ذهن با تصویرسازی بر افسردگی سالمندان. مجله تحقیقات پرستاری ایران. 7(27):7-10.
هادی، عبدالله. (1381). مقایسه مهارت‌های روانی بازیکنان نخبه رشته‌های منتخب ورزشی شرکت‌کننده در مسابقات ورزشی دانش‌آموزان پسر دوره متوسط سراسر کشور. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
 
Anshel, M. H; Williams, L.R.T; Williams, S.M. (2000). “Coping style following acute stress in competitive sport”. The Journal of Social Psychology. 140, 751-773.
Bali, A. (2015). Psychological Factors Affecting Sports Performance. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports, and Health: 1(6): 92-95.
 Battino, R. (2007). Guided imagery: Psychotherapy and healing through the mind-body connection. Crown House. Publishing.
Belem I et al  (2017). What coping strategies are used for athletes of MMA more resilient to stress? J. Phys. Educ. v. 28: 1-11.
Besharat, M. A.  (2007). Study of psychometrics characteristics, styles for coping with sports stress.
Brockman, RN; Calvert, FL. (2017). Imagery rescripting for PTSD and personality disorders: Theory and application. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. 47(1):23-30.
Dall, H.M; Goldfarb, A. H. (2009). cortisol peroxidation and scavenger enzymes during exercise: adaptative response to training. Journal of psychological training, v. 64: 1333-1336.
Demoor, MH; Beem, A; Stubbe, JH; Boomsma ,DI ;De Geus, EJ (2006). Regular exercise, anxiety, depression and personality: a population-based study. Prev Med. 42(4):273-9.
Dibbets, P; Arntz, A. (2016).  Imagery rescripting: Is incorporation of the most aversive scenes necessary? Memory. Hove, England. 24(5):683-95.
Eraslan, M; Karafil, A. Y; Atay, E. (2017). Evaluation Of Strategies For Managing Stress Among Muay Thai Sportsmen Participating İn İntervarsity Sports Competitions. Journal of Human Sciences. 14(3): 2915-2924.
Farzaneh Hesari, A; Mirzaei, B; Mahdavi Ortakand, S;  Rabienejad, A; Nikolaïdis, P.T. (2014). Relationship between aerobic and anaerobic power, and Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) in elite Iranian male judokas. Apunts Med Esport. 49(181): 25-29.
Filaire, E ; Sagnol, M;  Ferrand, C;  Maso, F ; Lac, G (2001). Psychophysiological stress in judo athletes during competitions . J Sports Med Phys Fit. 41: 263 – 268.
Georgiades, A; Sherwood ,A; Gullette ,EC ; Babyak, MA; Hinderliter, A; Waugh, R; et al. (2000) . Effects of exercise and weight loss on mental stress-induced cardiovascular responses in individuals with high blood pressure. Hypertension  Aug. 36(2):171-6.
Gorji, MH; Davanloo, AA; Heidarigorji, AM (2014). The efficacy of relaxation training on stress, anxiety, and pain perception in hemodialysis patients. Indian Journal of Nephrology. 24(6):356-61.
Göksel, A. G; Caz, Ç; Yazıcı, Ö. F; İkizler, H. C. (2017). Comparison of Attitudes of Students from Different Departments towards Sport: The Model of Marmara University. 8(2): 123-134.
Hall, E; Hall, C; Stradling, P; Young, D. (2006). Guided imagery: Creative interventions incounselling &psychotherapy. Sage.
Hamer, M; Taylor, A ; Steopto, A. Feb (2006).The effect of acute aerobic exercise on stress related blood pressure responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychol. 71(2):183-90.
Haruna, M; Matsuzaki, M; Ota, E; Shiraishi, M; Hanada, N; Mori, R. (2019). Guided imagery for treating hypertension in pregnancy. Pubmed. 4(4): CD011337.
Humphrey, J. H; Yow, D. A; Bowden, W. W. (2000). Stress in college athletics: Causes, consequences, coping. The Haworth Half-Court Press. New York.
Hernández, R;  Olmedilla AOrtega, E. (2008).Ansiedad y autoconfi anza de jóvenes judokas en situaciones competitivas de alta presión . Análise Psicológica .26 : 689 – 696.
Keskin, Ö. (2018). Effect of Sports Satisfaction on Aggression and Stress in Judokas and Swimmers. Journal of Education and Training StudiesVol. 6(6): 31-40.
Kimball, A; Freysinger, V. J. (2003). Leisure, stress, and coping: The sport participation of collegiate student-athletes. Leisure Sciences. 25: 115-141.
Kohn, P. M; Lafreniere, K; Gurevich, M. (2006). The inventory of college student’s recent life experiences: A decontaminated hassles scale for a special population. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 13: 619-630.
Laskowski R (2007).Training loads and physical capacity in female practicing judo. Gdansk:  Awfis. 5(6).
Lotze, M; Scheler, G; Tan, H. R; Braun, C; Birbaumer, N (2003). The musician's brain: Functional imaging of amateurs and professionals during performance and imagery. Neuroimage: (20): 1817-29.
Martin, G.L; vause, T; Schwartzman, L. (2005). experimental studies of psychological interventions with athletes in competitions why few? Behavior Modification. 29-616-641.
Martin, K.A; Morits, S.E; Hall, C.R. (1999). Imagery use in sport: a literature review and applied model. The sport Psychologist. 13: 245-268.
Martin, K.A; Lichtenberger, C.M. (2002). Fitness enhancement and body image change. In T.F. Cash; T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body images:A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York: Guilford Press. 47: 414-421.
McEwen, B. S; Lasley, E. N. (2002). The end of stress as we know it. Washington, D.C: Joseph Henry Press.
Miarka, B; Panissa, V.L.G ; Julio , U.F; Del Vecchio, F.B; Calmet, M; Franchini, E. (2012). A comparison of time-motion performance between age groups in judo match­es. J. Sports. Sci:30: 899-905.
Morgan, T.K. (2006). A season – Long mental skills staining program collegiate Volleyball players. A dissertation for the Doctor of philosophy degree. The University of Tennessee.
Nabil Yahiya, H (2010). Impact of Hatha Yoga exercises on some of the physiological, psychological variables and the level of performances in judo. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences. 5: 2355–2358.
Nguyen, J; Brymer ,E  (2018). Nature-based guided imagery as an intervention for state anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology :1858.
Raoul R.D; Oudejans, J.R. (Rob) Pijpers (2010). Training with mild anxiety may prevent choking under higher levels of anxiety. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 11:44-50.
Reilly ,T; Gilbourne, D (2003). Science and football: a review of applied research in the    football codes. J Sports Sci:21(9):693-705.
Ritvanen, T; Louhevaara ,V; Helin, P; Halonen ,T; Hanninen, O. (2007). Effect of aerobic fitness on the physiological stress responses at work. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 20(1):1-8.
Rogaleva, L; Malkin, V; Khon, N; Sekrecova, Z; Kim, A. (2019). Coping strategies and mental reliability as psychological determinants of success in sport. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Pedagogy, Communication and Sociology. Atlantis Press. May. v. 315: 371-374.
Rogerson, LJ; Hrycaiko, DW. (2002). Enhancing competitive performance of ice hockey  goaltenders using centering and self-talk. J Appl Sport Psychol. 14: 14-26.
Rogowska A, Kuśnierz C (2012).  Coping of Judo Competitors in the Context of Gender, Age, Years of Practice and Skill Level. J Appl Sport Psychol:24(4):445–64.
Salmon, P. (2001). Effects of physical exercise on anexity, depression and sensitivity to stress: a unifying theory. Clin Psychol Rev. 21(1):33-61.
Smucker, M; Dancu, C; Foa, E; Niederee, J. (1995).  Imagery Rescripting: A New Treatment for Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse Suffering From Posttraumatic Stress. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy. 9:3-17.
Stopa, L. (Ed.) (2009). Imagery and the threatened self: Perspectives on mental imagery and the self in cognitive therapy. Routledge.
Taeabe, N; Madsen, K; Djurhuus, M. S. (2006). Cortisol in plasma blood lipid peroxidation after short-term maximal exercise in trained and untrained humans. American Journal of Physiology, v. 272: R1258-R1263.
Vealey, R. S; Greenleaf, C.A. (2006). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in sport. Juornal of Applied Sport Psychology. 4(2): 306-348.
Vealey, R. S; Greenleaf, C.A. (2001). "Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in sport". In J.M.Williams (Ed), Applied Sport Psychology: Personal growth to peak performance. Mountatin View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company.
Vernon D. J. (2005). Can Neurofeedback Training Enhance Performance? An Evaluation of Evidence with Implications for Future Research. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Journal, Vol . 30 (4): 347-364.
Yaclin, I; Ramazanoglu,F. (2020). The effect of imagery use on the self-confidence: Turkish professional football players. Revista de Psicologia del Deporte. 29(2): 57-64.