دسته‌بندی از مطالعات اثربخش بر علایم روان‌تنی: مرور سیستماتیک شواهد پژوهشی طی سه دهه اخیر

دوره 11، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 47-62

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی ، واحد آیت آملی، آمل، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مشاوره دانشگاه فرهنگیان تهران، تهران. ایران

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: انواع مختلف روان‌درمانی‌ها، یکی از گزینه‌های درمان غیر دارویی اختلال‌های مرتبط با علائم روان‌تنی محسوب می‌شود، اما نتایج مطالعات مختلف اثربخش بر انواع روان‌تنی یکدست و عاری از ضدونقیض نیست. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مرور سیستماتیک اثربخشی انواع متغیرهای مستقل (رویکردهای انواع مطالعات اثربخش) بر کاهش علایم روان‌تنی صورت پذیرفته است.
روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی و از نوع مروری می‌باشد. بر همین اساس، شواهد پژوهشی داخلی و خارجی با عنوان اثربخشی روش ذهن آگاهی بر علایم روان‌تنی بین سال‌های 2008 تا 2024 بررسی شد. درنهایت اطلاعات 41 مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌ها می‌توان دسته‌بندی زیر را از دسته‌بندی نوع متغیرهای مستقل موثر (رویکردهای انواع مطالعات اثربخش) بر علایم روان‌تنی ارایه داد: دسته اول «توانبخشی شناختی-رفتاری» شامل روش‌های رفتاردرمانی و شناختی، نوروفیدبک، خانواده درمانی سیستمی و مدیریت شناختی رفتاری استرس و طرحواره درمانی، دسته دوم «توانبخشی ناخودآگاه» شامل روش‌های روان‌درمانی پویشی کوتاه مدت فشرده و روانکاوی و دسته سوم «توانبخشی وجودی» شامل روان درمانی موج سوم چون اکت و ذهن‌آگاهی بوده است که بر کاهش علایم روان‌تنی موثر بوده‌اند.
نتیجه گیری: اختلالات روان‌تنی گروه وسیعی از بیماری ها هستند که نشانه ها و علائم جسمی، مولفه اصلی آنهارا تشکیل می دهند. روش‌های روان درمانی متفاوت بر کاهش علایم روان‌تنی تاثیر داشته است که می توان دسته بندی سه گانه «توانبخشی شناختی-رفتاری»، «توانبخشی ناخودآگاه»، «توانبخشی وجودی» را از انواع روان درمانی موثر بر علایم روان‌تنی ارایه داد.
روش‌های روان درمانی دسته اول شامل روش‌های رفتاردرمانی و شناختی، نوروفیدبک و ... روش های دسته دوم شامل روش‌های روان درمانی پویشی کوتاه مدت فشرده و... و روش های دسته سوم شامل: روان درمانی موج سوم چون اکت و ذهن‌آگاهی است. به روان‌‌درمانگران توصیه می‌شود که برای شکایات دردهای عضلانی بیماران روان‌تنی از «توانبخشی شناختی-رفتاری» و علائم نورولوژیک روان‌تنی از «توانبخشی ناخودآگاه» و برای کاهش استرس در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال درد غیرقابل توجیه از نظر پزشکی از «توانبخشی وجودی» استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Classification of effective studies on psychosomatic symptoms: a systematic review of research evidence over the last three decades

نویسندگان English

donya kia lashaki 1
Mahdi Akbari 2
1 Department of engineering,Ayatollah Amoli Branch,Islamic Azad university, Amol,IRAN
2 Assistant Professor of Counseling Department, Farhangian University of Tehran, Tehran. Iran
چکیده English

Background and purpose: different types of psychotherapies are considered as one of the non-drug treatment options for disorders related to psychosomatic symptoms, but the results of various studies on the effectiveness of psychosomatic types are not uniform and free of contradictions. Therefore, the current study was conducted with the aim of systematically reviewing the effectiveness of various independent variables (approaches of various effective studies) on reducing psychosomatic symptoms.
Research method: The current research method is descriptive and review type. Based on this, the research evidence on the effectiveness of mindfulness method on psychosomatic symptoms between 2008 and 2024 was reviewed. Finally, 41 data were analyzed.
Findings: Based on the findings, the following classification can be presented from the classification of the type of effective independent variables (approaches of various effective studies) on psychosomatic symptoms: The first category is "cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation" including behavioral and cognitive methods, neurofeedback, systemic family therapy and cognitive behavioral management of stress. and schema therapy, the second category of "unconscious rehabilitation" includes intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy methods and psychoanalysis, and the third category of "existential rehabilitation" includes third wave psychotherapy such as ACT and mindfulness, which have been effective in reducing psychosomatic symptoms.
Conclusion: Psychosomatic disorders are a large group of diseases that have physical signs and symptoms as their main component. Different psychotherapy methods have been effective in reducing psychosomatic symptoms, and three types of psychotherapy effective on psychosomatic symptoms can be classified as "cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation", "unconscious rehabilitation", and "existential rehabilitation". The first group of psychotherapy methods includes cognitive and behavioral therapy, neurofeedback, etc. The second group of methods includes short-term intensive dynamic psychotherapy, etc. The third group of methods includes third-wave psychotherapy such as ACT and mindfulness. Psychotherapists are advised to use "cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation" for complaints of muscle pain in psychosomatic patients, "unconscious rehabilitation" for psychosomatic neurological symptoms, and "existential rehabilitation" for stress reduction in patients with medically unexplained pain disorders.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • mindfulness
  • psychosomatics
  • psychosomatic symptoms
  • cognitive behavioral therapy
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