نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

دیابت بارداری یکی از شایع‌ترین مشکلات سلامتی در بارداری است که نیازمند مشارکت از طریق خود مراقبتی برای کاهش عوارض مادری و نوزادی است. مطالعه حاضر باهدف مقایسه رفتار خود مراقبتی، استرس زناشویی و ترس از زایمان در زنان دارای دیابت بارداری و بدون دیابت شهر شیراز انجام شد. طرح این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی به شیوه ی علی مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه زنان دارای دیابت بارداری مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان زنان و زایمان حافظ و همچنین زنان باردار فاقد دیابت شهر شیراز در سال 1399 بودند. برای انجام پژوهش از میان زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده، 50 زن مبتلابه دیابت بارداری طبق تشخیص پزشک متخصص (دارای FBS بیشتر از 120 یا GCT بیشتر از 140) و 50 زن باردار سالم (با قند خون نرمال) به‌صورت داوطلبانه و در دسترس به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار اندازه‌گیری پژوهش، شامل پرسشنامه اروپایی رفتار خود مراقبتی (جاراسما و همکارانش، 2003)، پرسشنامه ترس از زایمان (نمازی، 1372) و مقیاس استرس زناشویی استکهلم اورث (گومر و همکارانش، 2000) بود. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل چند متغیره و آزمون تعقیبی توکی در نرم‌افزار 23-SPSS انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که بین دو گروه زنان باردار مبتلابه دیابت و زنان باردار فاقد این بیماری ازنظر رفتار خود مراقبتی، استرس زناشویی و ترس از زایمان تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (001/0<P). مقایسه‌های زوجی حکایت از میزان بالاتر این سه متغیر در میان زنان باردار دیابتیک بود. بر اساس نتایج می‌توان گفت میزان نمره زنان باردار دیابتی در خود مراقبتی دچار ضعف می‌باشند، از سوی دیگر ترس از زایمان و استرس زناشویی بالاتری را نیز در مقایسه با زنان باردار فاقد دیابت تجربه می‌نمایند. ازآنجاکه دیابت بارداری بدون علامت و درعین‌حال پر عارضه است، شناخت و پیش‌آگاهی و چاره‌جویی نسبت به منابع تشدیدکننده این بیماری از قبیل استرس زناشویی و ترس از زایمان و نیز انجام رفتارهای خود مراقبتی، ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

mparison of Self-Care Behavior, Marital Stress and Fear of Childbirth in Women with Gestational Diabetes and Without Diabetes in Shiraz City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Tabe bordbar 1
  • Maasumeh Esmaeili 2
  • Razieh Eetesampour 2
  • Fatemeh rajaee 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, MA,Department of Psychology, Payame Noor

چکیده [English]

Self-care to reduce maternal and neonatal complications. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing self-care behavior, marital stress, and fear of childbirth in women with gestational diabetes and Without diabetes in Shiraz city. It is a descriptive design in a comparative causal way. The statistical population of the research was all women with gestational diabetes referred Hafez Maternity and Gynecology Hospital, as well as pregnant women without diabetes in Shiraz city in 2019. To conduct the research, among pregnant women referred to Hafez Shiraz Hospital, 50 women with gestational diabetes diagnosed by a specialist doctor (with FBS more than 120 or GCT more than 140) and 50 healthy pregnant women (with normal blood sugar) were selected voluntarily and available as samples. The measurement tools of the research included the European Questionnaire of Self-Care Behavior (Jarasma et al., 2003), Fear of Childbirth Questionnaire (Namazi, 1993), and the Stockholm Orth Marital Stress Scale (Gomer et al., 2000). Data analysis was done using multivariate analysis and Tukey's post hoc test in SPSS-23 software. The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of pregnant women with diabetes and pregnant women without this disease in terms of self-care behavior, marital stress, and fear of childbirth (P<0.001). Pairwise comparisons indicated a higher level of these three variables among diabetic pregnant women. Based on the results, it can be said the score of pregnant women with diabetes is weak in self-care, on the other hand, they experience higher fear of childbirth and marital stress compared to pregnant women without diabetes. Since gestational diabetes is asymptomatic and at the same time full of complications, it seems necessary to recognize and find solutions to the sources of aggravation of this disease, such as marital stress and fear of childbirth, as well as performing self-care behaviors

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • self-care behavior
  • marital stress
  • fear of childbirth
  • healthy pregnant women
  • diabetic pregnant women
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