Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 psychology, psychology. uremia university. uremia. Iran

2 PhD Student in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran

3 Undergraduate student of General Psychology, college of humanities, Islamic Azad University of Ahar, Tabriz, Iran

10.22055/jacp.2021.37898.1201

Abstract

The presents study aims to compare complex and basic emotional recognition (audio-visual) among drug-addicted people and normal people. The method of this study is the description of retrospective study and the statistical population of the present study included all drug-addicted people visiting Nejat drug rehabilitation center in Tabriz city in 2020. Hence, 30 participants for each group were selected by purposive sampling and 30 other usual participants were selected to be homogenous with these groups. International Affective Picture System (IAPS) and Cambridge audio-visual mind reading collection were employed to collect data. Data gained by descriptive indicator method and univariate and multivariate analysis of variance were analyzed. The results of study showed that drug-addicted people had more difficulties in comparison to usual people facing with recognition of complex and basic emotions and the difference was significant. The other result of study was more destruction of audio emotion recognition due to defect of visual emotions. The results of this study represent that drug-addicted people have more tendency to perception bias and attention to perception recognition, they also have defect on ability of emotion cognition that can be one of reasons of difficulty at interpersonal relation of these people.

Keywords

بابایی نادینلویی، کریم و ستاری، مرضیه. (1396). بررسی مقایسه‌ای بازشناسی هیجانات پایه و پیچیده (صوتی و تصویری) در بیماران با اختلال افسردگی اساسی، اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و افراد عادی‌. دستاوردهای روان‌شناسی بالینی، 3(1)، 17-36.
بابایی نادینلویی، کریم؛ میکائیلی منیع، فرزانه؛ احمدی، عزت‌الله؛ عیسی زادگان، علی و صفاری‌نیا، مجید. (1397). بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی نسخه فارسی آزمون ذهن‌خوانی صوتی- تصویری کمبریج برای آزمودن شناخت هیجانات پیچیده. فصلنامه پژوهش‌های نوین روان‌شناختی، 13(50)، 197-175.
موسویان، الهام و‌ هادیان‌فرد، حبیب. (1392). بررسی نقش بازشناسی هیجان در چهره به‌عنوان عملکردی مستقل از کارکردهای شناختی در افراد مبتلابه اسکیزوفرنیا. تازه‌های علوم شناختی، 15(4)، 8-1.
 
Amenta, S., Noël, X., Verbanck, P., & Campanella, S. (2013). Decoding of emotional components in complex communicative situations (irony) and its relation to empathic abilities in male chronic alcoholics: an issue for treatment. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 37(2), 339-347.
American Psychological Association. (2013). Specialty guidelines for forensic psychology. The American Psychologist, 68(1), 7-19.
Baron-Cohen, S., Golan, O., Hill, J. J., & Wheelwright, S. (2007). Developmental changes in the emotion lexicon: A research note.
Baron-Cohen, S., Golan, O., Wheelwright, S., & Hill, J. J. (2004). Mind reading: The interactive guide to emotions. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Baron‐Cohen, S., Jolliffe, T., Mortimore, C., & Robertson, M. (1997). Another advanced test of theory of mind: Evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(7), 813-822.
Bayrakçı, A., Sert, E., Zorlu, N., Erol, A., Sarıçiçek, A., & Mete, L. (2015). Facial emotion recognition deficits in abstinent cannabis dependent patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 58, 160-164.
Calder, A. J., & Young, A. W. (2005). Understanding the recognition of facial identity and facial expression. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6(8), 641-651.
Castellano, F., Bartoli, F., Crocamo, C., Gamba, G., Tremolada, M., Santambrogio, J., ... & Carrà, G. (2015). Facial emotion recognition in alcohol and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 59, 147-154.
Cates, H. M., Benca‐Bachman, C. E., de Guglielmo, G., Schoenrock, S. A., Shu, C., & Kallupi, M. (2019). National Institute on Drug Abuse genomics consortium white paper: Coordinating efforts between human and animal addiction studies. Genes, Brain and Behavior, 18(6), e12577.
Corden, B., Critchley, H. D., Skuse, D., & Dolan, R. J. (2006). Fear recognition ability predicts differences in social cognitive and neural functioning in men. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(6), 889-897.
Dermody, S. S., Wardell, J. D., Stoner, S. A., & Hendershot, C. S. (2018). Predictors of daily adherence to naltrexone for alcohol use disorder treatment during a mobile health intervention. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 52(9), 787-797.
Dethier, M., El Hawa, M., Duchateau, R., & Blairy, S. (2014). Emotional facial expression recognition and expressivity in type I and type II alcohol dependent patients. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 38(1), 89-105.
Direkvand-Moghadam, A., Piri, K., JamshidBeigi, A., Taheri, S., & Veisani, Y. (2020). The prevalence of substance use disorders among university students, a cross-sectional study. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 14(2), 99324.
Donadon, M. F., & Osório, F. D. L. (2017). Current alcohol dependence and emotional facial expression recognition: a cross-sectional study. Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 44, 56-62.
Ekman, P. & Friesen, W.V. (1976). Pictures of facial affect. Palo Alto, C.A.: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Fernández-Serrano, M. J., Moreno-López, L., Pérez-García, M., & Verdejo-García, A. (2012). Inteligencia emocional en individuos dependientes de cocaína. Trastornos Adictivos, 14(1), 27-33.
Ghoreishi, S. M. S., Shahbazi, F., Mirtorabi, S. D., Ghadirzadeh, M. R., & Nazari, S. S. H. (2017). Epidemiological study of mortality rate from alcohol and illicit drug abuse in Iran. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 17(4), 395.
Goddard, H. H. (2013). Psychology of the Normal and the Subnormal. UK: Routledge.
Golan, O., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hill, J. (2006). The Cambridge mindreading (CAM) face-voice battery: Testing complex emotion recognition in adults with and without Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(2), 169-183.
Goldman, A. I., & Sripada, C. S. (2005). Simulationist models of face-based emotion recognition. Cognition, 94(3), 193-213.
Griffiths, P. (1997). What emotions really are: The problem of psychological categories. Chicago, IL.: University of Chicago Press.
Griffiths, P. E. (2003). Basic emotions, complex emotions, Machiavellian emotions. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplements, 52, 39-67.
Grynberg, D., de Timary, P., Van Heuverswijn, A., & Maurage, P. (2017). Prone to feel guilty: Self-evaluative emotions in alcohol-dependence. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 179, 78-82.
Kornreich, C., Brevers, D., Canivet, D., Ermer, E., Naranjo, C., Constant, E., ... & Noel, X. (2013). Impaired processing of emotion in music, faces and voices supports a generalized emotional decoding deficit in alcoholism. Addiction, 108(1), 80-88.
Kornreich, C., Petit, G., Rolin, H., Ermer, E., Campanella, S., Verbanck, P., & Maurage, P. (2016). Decoding of nonverbal language in alcoholism: A perception or a labeling problem?. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30(2), 175.
Kornreich, C., Philippot, P., Foisy, M. L., Blairy, S., Raynaud, E., Dan, B., ... & Verbanck, P. (2002). Impaired emotional facial expression recognition is associated with interpersonal problems in alcoholism. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 37(4), 394-400.
Kuhnert, R. L., Begeer, S., Fink, E., & de Rosnay, M. (2017). Gender-differentiated effects of theory of mind, emotion understanding, and social preference on prosocial behavior development: A longitudinal study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 154, 13-27.
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2005). International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual. Technical Report A-6, Gainesville, FL: University of Florida.
Le Berre, A. P. (2019). Emotional processing and social cognition in alcohol use disorder. Neuropsychology, 33(6), 808.
Lee, S. B., Koo, S. J., Song, Y. Y., Lee, M. K., Jeong, Y. J., Kwon, C., ... & An, S. K. (2014). Theory of mind as a mediator of reasoning and facial emotion recognition: findings from 200 healthy people. Psychiatry Investigation, 11(2), 105.
Maurage, P., Campanella, S., Philippot, P., Charest, I., Martin, S., & de Timary, P. (2009). Impaired emotional facial expression decoding in alcoholism is also present for emotional prosody and body postures. Alcohol & Alcoholism, 44(5), 476-485.
Miller, M. A., Bershad, A. K., & de Wit, H. (2015). Drug effects on responses to emotional facial expressions: recent findings. Behavioural Pharmacology, 26(6), 571.
Muller, A. E., Havnes, I. A., Rognli, E. B., & Bukten, A. (2018). Inmates with harmful substance use increase both exercise and nicotine use under incarceration. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2663.
Platt, B., Kamboj, S., Morgan, C. J., & Curran, H. V. (2010). Processing dynamic facial affect in frequent cannabis-users: evidence of deficits in the speed of identifying emotional expressions. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 112(1-2), 27-32.
Rolls, E. T. (2007). The representation of information about faces in the temporal and frontal lobes. Neuropsychologia, 45(1), 124-143.
Sauter, D. A., & Eimer, M. (2010). Rapid detection of emotion from human vocalizations. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(3), 474-481.
Sekine, Y., Minabe, Y., Ouchi, Y., Takei, N., Iyo, M., Nakamura, K., ... & Mori, N. (2003). Association of dopamine transporter loss in the orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices with methamphetamine-related psychiatric symptoms. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(9), 1699-1701.
Sekine, Y., Ouchi, Y., Takei, N., Yoshikawa, E., Nakamura, K., Futatsubashi, M., ... & Mori, N. (2006). Brain serotonin transporter density and aggression in abstinent methamphetamine abusers. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(1), 90-100.
Tavakoli, M., Effatpanah, M., Moradi, A., & Mahjoub, A. (2018). Methamphetamine dependence among Iranian female methadone patients: A cross-sectional survey of three cities of Iran. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 12(2), 62866.
Toledo-Fernandez, A., Brzezinski-Rittner, A., Roncero, C., Benjet, C., Salvador-Cruz, J., & Marín-Navarrete, R. (2018). Assessment of neurocognitive disorder in studies of cognitive impairment due to substance use disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Substance Use, 23(5), 535-550.
Tomek, S. E., Stegmann, G. M., & Olive, M. F. (2019). Effects of heroin on rat prosocial behavior. Addiction Biology, 24(4), 676-684.
Volkow, N. D., Chang, L., Wang, G. J., Fowler, J. S., Ding, Y. S., Sedler, M., ... & Pappas, N. (2001). Low level of brain dopamine D2 receptors in methamphetamine abusers: association with metabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(12), 2015-2021.
Volkow, N. D., Fowler, J. S., & Wang, G. J. (2003). The addicted human brain: insights from imaging studies. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 111(10), 1444-1451.
Weiss, N. H., Tull, M. T., Viana, A. G., Anestis, M. D., & Gratz, K. L. (2012). Impulsive behaviors as an emotion regulation strategy: Examining associations between PTSD, emotion dysregulation, and impulsive behaviors among substance dependent inpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 453-458.